AHA (Alpha Hydroxy Acids) Chemical Exfoliant

General Recipe:

1. Alpha Hydroxy Acids (5-15%): These are the key active ingredients and include acids like glycolic acid, lactic acid, or mandelic acid. They work by breaking down the bonds between dead skin cells, allowing them to be easily removed.

2. Water (45-70%): Water often makes up the balance of the formulation and provides a medium for the delivery of some of the other ingredients.

3. Emollients (5-15%): These ingredients help to moisturize and soften the skin. Common examples include jojoba oil, squalane, and caprylic/capric triglyceride.

4. Humectants (5-15%): Ingredients like glycerin or hyaluronic acid help draw moisture into the skin to keep it hydrated.

5. Emulsifiers (2-6%): These help to keep the water and oil ingredients from separating. Examples include polysorbate 20 and cetearyl alcohol.

6. Thickeners (0.5-2%): These ingredients help to improve the texture and feel of the product. Common examples include xanthan gum or carbomer.

7. Preservatives (0.5-2%): These help to prevent bacterial and fungal contamination. Common preservatives include phenoxyethanol, sodium benzoate, or potassium sorbate.

8. pH Adjusters (As needed): AHAs work best at a lower pH (around 3-4), so pH adjusters like citric acid or sodium hydroxide can be used to achieve the right balance.

9. Additional Actives (1-5%): These can include soothing ingredients, antioxidants, or other skin-beneficial compounds like niacinamide or allantoin.

AHAs, like glycolic acid and lactic acid, work by breaking down the bonds between dead skin cells so they can be easily rinsed away.

Remember, AHA products can increase the skin's sensitivity to the sun, so it is always recommended to use a sunscreen alongside these products. It's also important to note that all skincare products should be patch tested before full use to check for any adverse reactions.