Brightening Serums
General Recipe:
- Base: Distilled water or aloe vera juice (70-80%)
- Humectants: Glycerin (2-5%), Sodium PCA (0.5-2%), Hyaluronic Acid (0.1-2%)
- Emollient: Squalane (1-3%), Caprylic/Capric Triglyceride (1-3%)
- Active Ingredients: Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid or its derivatives such as Sodium Ascorbyl Phosphate) (1-20%), Niacinamide (2-5%), Alpha Arbutin (1-3%), Licorice Root Extract (0.5-1%)
- Emulsifiers/Stabilizers: Xanthan Gum (0.1-0.5%), Hydroxyethylcellulose (0.1-0.5%), Polysorbate 20 (1-3%)
- Preservative: Phenoxyethanol (0.5-1%), Ethylhexylglycerin (0.5-1%)
- pH adjuster (if needed): Sodium bicarbonate or citric acid (trace)
- Chelating Agent: Disodium EDTA (0.1%)
Brightening serums are designed to lighten dark spots and enhance the overall complexion. They often contain ingredients like Vitamin C, niacinamide, and other skin brighteners that work to lighten hyperpigmentation and even out skin tone.
Please remember that vitamin C can be highly unstable and oxidize easily, turning the product brown and rendering it ineffective. This is why it's often recommended to use vitamin C derivatives in skincare formulations.
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