Triethanolamine (TEA)

Category: pH adjuster, emulsifier

Brief description: A strong base used to adjust the pH in cosmetic formulations and also as an emulsifier.

Benefits: Helps balance the pH of cosmetics and contributes to emulsion stability.

Skin type suitability/concerns: May be irritating for sensitive skin types.

Target audience: Commonly used in a wide range of cosmetics including creams, lotions, and makeup.

Chemical composition: Organic compound, amine.

Physical aspect: Colorless to pale yellow viscous liquid.

Compatibility: Compatible with most ingredients but may react with strong acids and oxidizing agents.

Concentration: Typically, less than 1% in cosmetic formulations.

Side effects/adverse reactions: Can cause skin and eye irritation at higher concentrations.

Regulatory status: Approved for use in cosmetics in most countries but concentration limits may apply.

Sustainability/ethical considerations: Synthetic ingredient, potential concerns about biodegradability and aquatic toxicity.